How to Create a Bibliography

WORKS CITED

CITING BOOKS, MAGAZINES AND OTHER MATERIALS

Use the TITLE PAGE, not the cover, for your information. Underline titles. If more than one city is used for publication, use the first American one listed. Omit words like "Co." or "Inc." in the name of the publisher. Use the year of publication on the title page if there is one; if not, look on the reverse of the title page and use the most RECENT copyright date.

Entries are listed alphabetically by the author’s last name. If no author is given, use the first word of the title. If you cannot find other information--just cite what you can find.

•• Book, one author
LeCarre, John. The Little Drummer Girl. New York: Knopf, 1983.

•• Magazine article/author
Weaver, John. "Bonus March." Ebony June 1983: 18-27.

•• Newspaper/unsigned
"Terrorists Don’t Ask Questions." The Press Democrat 14 Nov. 1986, sec. A: 1.

For Internet, use author’s name if you can locate one. Then use title. The location is the current one (they change!) and the date is the date you locate the information.

•• Internet
Smith, Ann. Civil War Diary. [Online] Available http://www.civilwar.net/battles.html, 6 January 1996.

•• CD ROM
Where in the World in Carmen Sandiego? single disc Deluxe ed. CD-ROM. Novato: Broderbund, 1992.

•• Interview
Jones, I. M. Personal interview. 27 July 1994.

Familiar reference books such as popular encyclopedias, dictionaries, frequently updated standard references, do not need full information given. Usually the year or the edition of the work is sufficient. For less familiar reference books, give a complete citation.

•• Encyclopedia
"Bonus Army." World Book Encyclopedia 1985 ed. unsigned

PRINT MATERIALS

•• Book, no author
The Times in Review: 1920-1929. New York: Arno Press, 1973.

•• Book, two authors
Aaron, Daniel and Robert Smith. The Wild Decade. New York: Doubleday, 1972.

•• Author and editor
Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet. Ed. J. Smith. New York: Ginn, 1939.

•• Book by editor
Leighton, Isabel, ed. The Aspirin Age. Chicago: Knopf, 1949.

•• SIRS binders
Towns, Sam. "America’s Changing Face." State Legislatures, (Nov. 1987): 14-18. Rpt. in Population, Vol. 4. Ed. Ellen Gold, Boca Raton, Fla.: Social Issues Resources Series, Inc., 1987. Art. 59.

•• Magazine article
"New Strategy in Labor War." Business Week 30 May 1992: 21. no author

Daily newspapers are usually paginated continuously. Sunday papers may have distinct sections and you will then give the letter of the section and then the page number.

•• Newspaper/signed
Perlman, David. "Heart Attacks." San Ramon Times 15 Nov. 1988, sec. A: 2.

ELECTRONICALLY PRODUCED SOURCES AND DATABASES

It is important to state the medium of publication (e.g., CD-ROM, diskette, magnetic tape) for the cited material may be published in more than one format and may not be the same in each. State the vendor’s name because the publishing company may have leased the electronic versions to more than one vendor, and the versions may not be the same. Check the title screen or user’s manual. You may find more than one date because the material may have been published originally in print and later put on a database.

•• CD ROM
Adams, Todd. "Math teachers win bonus." magazine index The News and Observer. 30 Nov. 1993: Newsbank CD Jr.

•• CD ROM
American Heritage Dictionary. Microsoft Bookshelf. 1993 ed. part of a work CD-ROM. Redmond: Microsoft, 1993.

•• Database
Angier, Natalie. "Chemists Learn Why Vegetables Are Good for print source You." New York Times 13 Apr. 1993, late ed.: C1.

•• Diskette
Joyce, Michael. Afternoon: A Story. Diskette. Watertown: author Eastgate, 1987.

•• Diskette
The Revolutionary War. Diskette. Silver Spring: Fife & Drum, no author 1993.

•• E-mail
Smith, A. E-mail to the author. 1 Mar. 1994. New York Times Ondisc. CD-ROM.

•• Laser disc
"Depression." Vol. 14, Chp. 6. Video Encyclopedia of the 20th Century. (Laserdisc.) CEL Educational Resources, 1986.

OTHER SOURCES

•• Interview (published)
Blackmun, Harry. Interview with Ted Koppel. Nightline. ABC. 5 Oct. 1992.

•• T.V./Radio
The First Americans. Narr. Hugh Downs. Writ. and prod. Craig Fisher. NBC News Special. KNBC, Los Angeles. 2 Mar. 1968.

•• Film/video/slide
What Makes Rabbit Run? Dir. David Cheshire. Centre Prod., 1985. 16 mm, 29 min.

•• Map/chart
Canada. Map. Chicago: Rand, 1982. 3/97

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